By OCTOBER 27, 2021, BIDEN had 25 nominees to judicial posts confirmed by the U.S. Senate. By OCTOBER 27, 2025, TRUMP has had 13 nominees to judicial posts confirmed by the U.S. Senate.
At the start of Trump-47, on January 20, 2025, there were 45 federal judicial vacancies—all were Article III vacancies.
There are now 58 federal judicial vacancies, including: 57 Article III positions, and one Article I position (United States District Court for the District of the Virgin Islands).
There are 874 authorized Article III federal judicial positions (including the Court of International Trade, including Article I district courts in the territories), with 58 vacancies, amounting to a circa 7% vacancy rate.
There are currently FOUR vacancies across FOUR federal appellate courts: the FIRST Circuit, SEVENTH Circuit, EIGHTH Circuit, and NINTH Circuit. There are only THREE nominees--there is no nominee for the EIGHTH Circuit post.
The State with the greatest number of federal judicial vacancies is Texas: TEN vacancies. As of Oct. 27, 2025, there have been no nominations to ANY of these positions. Texas voted for Trump in 2016, 2020, and 2024. Texas has continuously sent two Rs to the Senate. And Texas’ House delegation strongly leans majority Republican: circa 2-to-1. Currently, the States, other than TEXAS, with the highest number of federal judicial vacancies include FL (4), LA (4), and NC (4).
October 27, 2025: Vacancies Trump-47 Nominations* Senate Confirmed
US Supreme Court -- 0 0 0
US Federal Circuit Courts -- 4 3 3
US Federal District Courts -- 52 12 10
US Court of Int’l Trade (Art III) 1 0 0
Article I Courts -- 1 0 0
Total -- 58 15 13
Vacancies include current and future vacancies as reported: current, <https://www.uscourts.gov/data-news/judicial-vacancies/current-judicial-vacancies>, and future <https://www.uscourts.gov/data-news/judicial-vacancies/future-judicial-vacancies>.
Seth Barrett Tillman, ‘Trump-47 Judicial Vacancies and Trump-47 Judicial Nominations,’ New Reform Club (UPDATED: Oct. 27, 2025) (Jan. 29, 2025, 3:14 AM), <https://reformclub.blogspot.com/2025/01/trump-47-judicial-vacancies-and.html>;
*“Nominations” refers to nominations awaiting Senate committee action or action before the full Senate. Posts listed in the “Senate Confirmed” column are not included among “Vacancies” or “Trump-47 Nominations”.
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