Michael Simpson posted about the relevance of religion to the academy and I commented that religion is indeed relevant because I have more evidence for the resurrection of Christ than I do for the existence of justice.
After that intentionally provocative comment, I received an email from one Tom Van Dyke encouraging me to be a bit more forthcoming. I was originally hesitant to do so because I haven't read the latest and the greatest on the subject of the resurrection, which is the treatment of the subject by N.T. Wright. Wright's work is at least partially responsible for the conversion of the famed horror writer Anne Rice. However, I remembered that William Lane Craig is very strong on the subject and I could probably get a condensed essay from him. I was right.
Here's a bit of whetting:
So complete has been the turn-about during the second half of this century concerning the resurrection of Jesus that it is no exaggeration to speak of a reversal of scholarship on this issue, such that those who deny the historicity of Jesus' resurrection now seem to be the ones on the defensive. Perhaps one of the most significant theological developments in this connection is the theological system of Wolfhart Pannenberg, who bases his entire Christology on the historical evidence for Jesus' ministry and especially the resurrection. This is a development undreamed of in German theology prior to 1950. Equally startling is the declaration of one of the world's leading Jewish theologians Pinchas Lapid, that he is convinced on the basis of the evidence that Jesus of Nazareth rose from the dead. Lapid twits New Testament critics like Bultmann and Marxsen for their unjustified skepticism and concludes that he believes on the basis of the evidence that the God of Israel raised Jesus from the dead.
I read through the essay and found it quite thorough and informative. If this blog were my sole property, I would paste the whole thing in and monopolize the real estate. Instead I will content myself with providing you with this very large LINK. (Don't get down on Craig for any typos in the essay, I think some noble person actually typed in the essay from dead tree to get it online.)
Read the essay and see whether I was exaggerating when I made my provocative statement. It's easy to be correct because the evidence for the existence of justice is weaker than expected, while the evidence for the resurrection is stronger.
Because we are an interfaith blog, I hasten to explain to my Jewish friends that I am not seeking to kick up some kind of battle over Christian history between Jews and Christians. Rather, I am trying to further the point that religion is relevant and not merely because of some psychological reason.
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ReplyDeleteFor the curious, I felt the need to self-censor myself after setting down something that was bending the laws of physics due to the thickness of the sarcasm. Suffice it to say that I am not impressed with the comments given thus far and I trust fair-minded readers will receive their own reward in the material offered.
ReplyDeleteIn science, we ask questions about what we know. Sitting around asking hypothetical questions does not make for a proof of anything, nor does it offer a proof against something.
ReplyDeleteLets look at the evidence, ie what we have.
/sarcasm on
After all, we could have been created by a giant spaghetti monster.
/sarcasm off
Given the unattractiveness of being a Christian for the first few centuries, the conspiracy angle is a gigantic failure.
ReplyDeleteFirst I'd like to see evidence for the existence of Pinchas Lapid.
ReplyDeleteThere are twenty thousand of the smartest people in the world studying Talmud in Yeshivas today and I can assure you that not a single one has heard of Pinchas Lapid. Leading theologian? Who is he leading?
(This is not an attempt to deal with the subject, just an ad hominem 'Huh?'.)
I should also point out that the same thing happens to Christianity as well; some media tout who sucks up to reporters becomes quoted as a 'leading theologian' and all serious Christians look at each other and go: 'Who?'
ReplyDeleteHey Jay, I don't know what it means, but you can find Pinchas Lapid online at askarabbi.com! He's apparently German, which may explain the fact you don't know him.
ReplyDeleteThis comment has been removed by a blog administrator.
ReplyDeleteCould it possibly be spelled Lapide?
ReplyDeleteOkay so what they are saying is that the very text upon which the religion is based says the religion is true. Well, DUH. How exactly is that proof in ANY way though?
ReplyDeleteThis is a little bit more significant than you’re leading on because these accounts have been contested for years on grounds as having no historicity at all. Here we have evidence that the resurrection appearances and the empty tomb historically existed. You can dispute the real cause of these items, but not the fact that they occurred.
I'm sure if we read the Book of Mormon it'll have lots of claims of various Native Americans seeing Jesus. Is that then proof that it happened?
No, but if someone (like this guy) says that Mormonism’s claim that modern day Native Americans are the descendants of a group of Israelites is not possible (based on DNA evidence), then the Mormons have a problem (to extent that the scientist is credible – I have no idea about this guy). Those who believe in the historical resurrection have overcome this type of challenge to their beliefs.
Even the most skeptical scholars admit that the earliest disciples at least believed that Jesus had been raised from the dead. Indeed, they pinned nearly everything on it. Without belief in the resurrection of Jesus, Christianity could never have come into being."
But, gosh, that couldn't possibly have been a motive to fake it now could it? I mean here you are saying these people desperately needed the ressurection to establish their religion in a meaningful way... but nobody who is desperate would ever lie or steal, would they?
If you go on to read the rest of the paragraph, you find out that this was significant because there is no reason to believe they would/could have dreamed up this resurrection concept or even chose it if they knew about it (Mithras included).
Okay Hunter, let's hypothesize a scenario:
Christ dies after some brutal treatment by the Romans. Paul looks up at his crucified messiah and realizes his life's work has just gone down the drain. After paying Mr. Iscariot a visit with the biblical equivilent of a tire iron he gets down to some serious thinking.
I’ve heard of people being proactive before, but given that there weren’t even any Christians around yet for Paul to start persecuting (before experiencing his own dramatic roadside conversion/hallucination), I’m going to guess that you meant Peter or John. Now I grant you that it is theoretically possible that the whole resurrection story was a fraud, but given all of the history of what the Jews envisioned their Messiah to be, the limitations of the disciples themselves, the success of the movement, the willingness to be martyred – the far more likely version of events is that they truly believed what they saw.
Anyway the point here is that if you have data that you claim supports a conclusion and someone else can write another conclusion equally supported by your data then it does not in fact prove your conclusion.
But that’s the point, your hypothesis is not as equally supported as the Christian account of the resurrection. If you were objecting on naturalist grounds I would understand – I would disagree, but I would understand. But you have given indications in the past that you were not entirely opposed to the concept of the supernatural. If that’s still true, then the Christian account is easily the most plausible scenario explaining the resurrection story.
T, actually the hypothetical is that you've dedicated about a year or so to following a variant of your own established religion and things go south big time. You can go on and be persecuted, miserable, and have no idea where the next meal is coming from or whether you are going to live or die, or you can return to your old life.
ReplyDeleteNo brainer.
Unless something happened, that is.
Yeah, what was the big score again? The main man was dead. Following him and claiming his name promised more of the same. No big score, Fred, unless something amazing happened to cause them to have hope.
ReplyDeleteHunter, askarabbi.com is a freak show of hippies and eccentrics. Read the bios of those guys (and gals) and you'll see they mostly call themselves "non-denominational" and "independent", which, in the rabbi business, means too weird for any organized denomination.
ReplyDeleteTrust me, Lapid is not a leading anything and his views are far from lapidary.
Oh . . . my . . . goodness . . .
ReplyDeleteYou are actually using the many centuries later wealth of the Catholic Church to explain why the immediate followers of Jesus Christ suffered terrible persecution and death instead of going back to life as usual.
Riiiiiiiiiiiiiight.
I'm done w' ye' again, I fear. It just becomes too comical.
(Cue shouting about how that's fine because everybody is afraid of what you have to say, etc.)
Jay, I'd have to assume that any Jewish theologian holding the views attributed to Pinchas Lapid would have to be outside of the mainstream of your theological community. That would not necessarily mean that he is a person without academic gravitas.
ReplyDeleteI hasten to add that I have no idea what his actual standing is. I would assume that he would not be cited by a scholar such as Craig (who would know the terrain of this particular debate) unless he were actually a person of substance.
Tlaloc>> I like you matt but to claim that a supernatural ressurection is the MOST LIKELY scenario when human malfeasance is admittedly possible is just dumb.
ReplyDeleteAs far as I can tell, the only really dumb thing here would be to not give the resurrection story a legitimate hearing. As I said earlier, if you reject the notion on naturalistic grounds - I disagree, but understand.
However, if you have some inclination to believe that there is something beyond the purely physical - then I have to believe that resistance to the resurrection account is based on something other than the details provided. The evidence in Christianity's favor is really quite substantial - especially when you compare it with the alternatives.
You admit it could be a fake. And you have ample evidence of fakes throughout history. And yet you cut yourself badly on Occam's razor.
Well, I base my belief on a lot more than the historical truth of the resurrection story, but that doesn't mean the facts in the story don't hold up. I don't suggest history as a primary tool of evangelism, but at the same time, I do believe the events detailed in the Bible should stand historical scrutiny. As far as I'm aware, the Bible is holding up fairly well under the microscope of skeptic science.
With respect to the possibility of it all being a fake - if you were going to try to pull this off, would you really go about things the same way as the disciples did? Would Jesus have gone about things the way he did? If so, you would have been part of the worst executed fraud in history. The idea that Paul somehow came out ahead (materially) due to his conversion - or that he had the chance to - is preposterous.
I could go on and on - but it seems to me the first thing to recognize in this thread (like the earlier thread about Christian worldview and history) is not whether this event did or did not happen. But rather that the arguments in Christianity's favor are a lot better than most people give them credit for - and that the reason for this lack of intellectual charity is based on conditions beyond the scope of the facts up for discussion.
Tlaloc>> In other words Hunter is the one making the definitive claim and I am refuting it in favor of multiple possibilities. That puts the onus of proof on Hunter and so far he's come up with squat.
ReplyDeleteHunter has put forward, with out much effort, far more than squat. Your counter-argument here is basically equivalent to the reasonable doubt defenses used by the writers of ‘The Practice’. You sling mud at all of the participants involved (in the historical account) - assign them all kinds of motives with out any basis - and hope that something will stick as plausible. But if you’re going to ask a jury to choose between a fake or a perceived appearance, then this is really a no contest. Evidence does not require that you have actual video footage of the event in question. Relative to assumptions made by historians about other historical accounts, the evidence produced by Hunter (WL Craig, Habermas/Flew for starters) is quite overwhelming.
My advice: go back to claiming faith. It's safe and you don't have to have these conversations where you get confronted with the fact that your religion may be just a bit more cynical than you want to admit.
Look, here’s what I will concede. I would not become a Christian based solely on the evidence of the resurrection. However, after reviewing the account and considering all of the historical context, the people involved, the likelihood of the various motives we’ve discussed and the counter-arguments – I believe that the reasonable person should feel compelled to examine the Christian faith further. The reality, unfortunately, is that most will not due a host of reasons that are absolutely trivial when you consider what is at stake.
After all, we could have been created by a giant spaghetti monster.
ReplyDeleteI find that to be equally convincing when compared to the Judeo-Christian God.
A giant spaghetti monster would also be cool, and able to feed its followers in times of need. "Body of Christ" indeed.
T, I would like you to finally, at long last, master the spelling of
ReplyDeleteRESURRECTION.
James, there is something about discussing religion that brings out the terrible worst in you, a fellow who is basically quite decent at heart.
Tlaloc>> Once again Matt, if your evidence of ressurection works just as well as evidence of fraud (and it does because all of the evidence is incidental to the actual eressurection itself) then it is not actually evidence of the ressurection.
ReplyDeleteI think we’ve been clear around here that we’re not saying we have video footage of the event. I also have said on several occasions that I understand the inability of some to believe on naturalistic grounds. But what we have argued – and if you really go into all of the info available to you here and elsewhere, I believe the case is extremely good – is that the evidence strongly points to a perceived appearance as opposed to a fraud.
I'll take that bet any day. We sit down with a jury and tell them some guy who was executed in Texas last year came back from the dead.
You sure you want the guy in your example to be from Texas? I’ll have a lot of Baylor grads – and they’re the ones you’d probably have to pick - in my jury pool. =)
I'll show that they all had a financial benefit in the deceased being still alive and that nobody who wasn't invovled has seen this guy.
Courts have to deal with these types of evidence ‘issues’ all the time, and - contrary to the depictions on ‘Law & Order’ – accept evidence such as we have presented here all the time. Again, if the question being argued is did these men fake it or did they really believe they saw a resurrected Christ - you’re toast. If we take it beyond that and ask if a bunch of hallucinators could really carry off the spread of this new belief system to the extent that they did - I’m still in pretty good shape. Your argument is 99% based on the notion that there is no such thing as God – and I grant you that it is a very good argument – the rest of your reasoning does little to discredit the facts we've put forth.
I'm sorry Matt but it's not. It's not evidence of anything, just a bad set of assumptions put together by some guy who apparently doesn't have sufficient faith and needs some evidence even if he has to manufacture it.
Now you’re just being petty. The man makes an argument. The argument is worthy of consideration. You don’t have to believe it - and you obviously don't. Let's just leave it at that.
Matt, another thing T doesn't take into account is the inexplicable and amazing growth of the Christian church which provided little but pain and persecution for the first centuries of its existence. You add that to the various evidences already proposed and you have something you can conceive of as possibly true.
ReplyDeleteLike you, I understand the naturalistic objection, but the whole self-interest argument is serious bovine scatology.
James, there is something about discussing religion that brings out the terrible worst in you, a fellow who is basically quite decent at heart
ReplyDeleteI was just going for the cheap laugh, emphasis on the cheap. Body of Christ:wafer :: spaghetti monster:delicious pasta dish. In both instances you're consuming your deity, get it? I bet Kathy got it.
And like I said: Dead man rises from dead:believable :: spaghetti monster:believable. Kinda hard to refute that one.
James, the spaghetti monster thing wasn't so bad on its own. I read it with your other bad joke and found the combination pretty mean-spirited and unnecessarily so since it didn't really advance the conversation.
ReplyDeleteLike I say, generally you operate well within the zone of decency.
I bet Kathy got it.
ReplyDeleteThere's a difference between "getting" a joke and finding it within the bounds of acceptable humor. I understand that many people either do not understand the solemn reverence in which Catholics hold the Body of Christ, or they don't give a flip if they offend Catholics. So I generally don't make a fuss about a comment I think goes over the line. That doesn't mean that I forget it was said.
I would like to apologize for starting the whole spaghetti monster bit. It was clearly a failed attempt at sarcasm.
ReplyDeleteMy humble apologies...
James ... I can only hope that your computer was hijacked by a complete jerk (re: post above and the one I read before Hunter deleted it).